 Modes
of Operation
CPA-ESCO can be used in two modes:
- Load disaggregation and parametric analysis
- Energy auditing and energy efficiency measure evaluation
The first mode provides hourly loads by end-use with
and without the impact of energy efficiency measures.
The second mode uses billing information to calibrate
DOE-2 results and performs comprehensive economic evaluation
of one or a set of energy efficiency measures
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Analysis Levels
Since the level of site-specific information available
varies from site to site, depending on the type of analysis
being performed (such as preliminary or detail), CPA-ESCO
operates at three data availability levels.
- Level I assumes that only some of the basic information
in regards to the site is available. This information
includes building type and floor area, and a general
understanding of lighting and HVAC systems for which
guidance and default values are provided.
- Level II, in addition to the first level data, assumes
that information on the building shape and thermal
integrity of the building shell, as well as more detailed
data on HVAC information, is available. It is also
assumed that t he information needed for this level
can be obtained by a walk-through survey of the building,
accomplished in under two hours.
- Level III allows complete flexibility for accepting
detailed information on a building's shell, lighting
equipment, plug loads, HVAC system and operating schedules
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Building
Characteristics Library (BCL) and DOE-2 Preprocessor
Building Characteristics Library (BCL)
The BCL contains building information by building
type, size and U.S. Region. The information is classified
in the following libraries:
- Architectural and structural layouts
- Thermal integrity levels, (i.e., insulation and
glass type)
- Lighting and plug loads
- Schedules of operation for all energy using equipment
DOE-2 Preprocessor
End-use metered data were used in the development of
the DOE-2 Pre-Processor to refine the way in which it
generates internal load estimates for non-HVAC equipment.
DOE-2 itself does not calculate internal, non-HVAC loads
for a building, so that estimates of such internal loads
are needed not only for themselves but also as input
to a DOE-2 analysis. The DOE-2 Pre-Processor develops
these estimates of hourly loads for non-conditioning
end uses using information on the inventory of energy-using
equipment, the operating schedule of that equipment,
total building load data and estimates of end-use energy
consumption patterns
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Energy
Efficiency Measures / Measure Implementation Costing
Energy Efficiency Measures
A comprehensive list of Energy Efficiency Measures
is available for selection by a CPA-ESCO user. These
measures can be selected by equipment type and performance
/ utility levels. The list includes measures most commonly
used by utilities and ESCO's, with payback periods normally
acceptable to implementers. The following table presents
a partial list of Energy Efficiency Measures available
for automated evaluation.
Retrofit
Area |
Type
of Energy Efficiency Measure |
Indoor Lighting
|
- Lamp Replacement
- Ballast Replacement
- Fixture Retrofit
- Lighting Controls
|
Outdoor Lighting
|
- Lamp Replacement
- Ballast Replacement
- Fixture Retrofit
|
Building Shell
|
- Ceiling Insulation
- Window Film
|
HVAC
|
- Chiller Replacement
- Economizer
- High Efficiency Fan Motor
- VFD (Variable Frequency Drive) for Fan Motors
- Variable Air Volume Retrofit
|
Measure Implementation Costing
The cost of implementation is determined using material
costs, labor, management and other costs using CPA-ESCO
cost databases. Labor costs reflect regional labor rates,
using MEAN'S adjustment factor by cities and regions.
Management costs can be expressed as a percentage of
the overall cost specified by the user
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Utility
Rate Schedule / Weather Data / Economic Analysis
Utility Rate Schedule
CPA-ESCO allows the user to specify rate schedules
by selecting a rate schedule template and providing
specific rates for the service area. The rate schedules
can be pre-set for any combination of rates, without
any need for re-entry. The rates can also be set for
the purpose of parametric analysis of the rate schedule.
Weather Data
CPA-ESCO has hourly weather data (8,760 hours) for
239 cities in the United States. The weather data represents
the average weather for each location.
Economic Analysis
The payback period for each energy efficiency measure
is calculated and reported. In this section, total energy
cost savings is computed using hourly loads and the
rate schedule for 1) the base case, and 2) with energy
efficiency measures implemented. Using the measure implementation
costs and energy cost savings, the payback period and
return on investment are estimated Back
Reporting
/ Licensing / System Requirements
Reporting
The analysis results are presented in several forms,
including
- Spreadsheet
- Graphical
- Tabulation
The typical load shapes for each month, with and without
EEM, are developed for each end-use. Three-dimensional
graphical presentations of energy use for the whole
year, b y time of day and month, is also available for
viewing and printing.
The results include total energy cost savings, implementation
costs and payback periods.
Licensing
Site licensing and individual CPU installations are
available.
System Requirements
CPA-ESCO requires the following hardware
- Pentium computer (minimum processor speed of 90mHz)
- Windows 95
- 16 Megabytes RAM
- 100 Megabytes free disk space
- CD ROM drive
- SVGA Monitor (minimum resolution 800 x 600)
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